Cialis is the brand name for a drug called tadalafil. It is part of a class of drugs called PDE-5( phosphodiesterase type 5) inhibitors. Other drugs in this class include Cialis (Sildenafil) and Levitra (Vardenafil).
Cialis is used primarily in the treatment of impotence (erectile problem). It is also used to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland (frequent urges to urinate, frequently getting up at night to go to the toilet and urinary incontinence).
The drug is available in dosages of 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg. The typical dose taken is 10 mg taken when needed and should only be taken once a day. The lower dosages enables the doctor to tailor the drug to the individual. Some men may require only a smaller dose for the beneficial effects to occur. Men with health conditions may try a smaller dosage in case the drug interacts with any medication they may be taking.
Cialis works by increasing the blood flow to the penis. During sexual arousal, signals from the brain are sent with the effect of relaxing the muscles in the walls of the blood vessels of the penis. More specifically increased levels of a substance called cGMP(cyclic guanosine monophosphate) enables the arteries in the penis to fill with blood. In erectile dysfunction even though there is sexual arousal the levels of cGMP cannot be maintained at a level which allows a full erection. Cialis helps to maintain these levels of cGMP.
An important point to note here is that Cialis is not a substitute for sexual arousal. The levels of cGMP only increase when there is sexual arousal. Cialis only works by maintaining the levels of cGMP which in turn relaxes the penile arteries so that the increase in blood causes an erection.
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Side effects
Side effects of the drug include headaches, stomach pain, back pain, flushes and a blocked or runny nose. Although rare – some patients have reported a sudden decrease or loss of vision or hearing.
As mentioned before lower dosages of Cialis can be taken if there is a concern that it will interact with other medication. However there are drugs that are known to interact with Cialis and so should definitely not be taken with Cialis. Some examples are nitrate medication (angina medication, recreational use of poppers), heart and blood pressure medication, epilepsy medication. Taking Cialis with these types of medication can cause serious medical problems such as a sudden decrease in blood pressure.
People with serious health conditions should not be taking Cialis. Serious health conditions such as heart disease, liver or kidney problems, heart attack or stroke recovery, stomach ulcers and high or low blood pressure.
Cialis works in similar fashion to Viagra and Levitra. It distinguishes itself from these two by having a longer and quicker effectiveness. Viagra takes longer to work after a meal (especially a fatty one – fries and meat). Cialis can be taken with meals and works within one hour of ingestion. Viagra works for up to 9 hours, Cialis is effective for up to 36 hours.
Just like Viagra, studies have documented its benefits in treating erectile dysfunction. But it is also being used to treat men with enlarged prostate glands. The active ingredient Tadalafil is used in a different formulation to improve the exercise ability in both men and women.
I am General practitioner (GP) in Melbourne since 2006.