Carbamazepine or Tegretol is the drug of choice for simple or complex partial seizures, and tonic-clonic seizures. It is used in the treatment of other forms of epileptic attacks except petit mal, and also can be applied in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and other forms of chronically pain.
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Tegretol Information and Effects
Carbamazepine blocks the neuron membrane channels and preventing the spread of impulses. Carbamazepine reduces the release of glutamate and stabilizes the neural membrane which explains its antiepileptic effect. Carbamazepine has depressive effects on dopamine and adrenaline which may explain its anti-manic properties.
Carbamazepine has a relatively long half-life, about 36 hours after administration of a single dose. Given that a strong inducer of liver, accelerates its own metabolism. Binding to serum proteins is 70 – 80%. Carbamazepine is extensively metabolized in the liver, and most of it is excreted as inactive glucuronide, with a number of compounds, of which only pharmacological active is carbamazepine epoxide. It should be taken orally regardless of meals, with a little liquid.
Carbamazepine Dosage
Doses of generic carbamazepine are determined strictly individually (100mg, 200mg or 400mg tablets). In the treatment of epilepsy may be used as mono therapy or in combination with other antiepileptic drugs. Whenever possible, the drug should be prescribed as a single therapy. When carbamazepine is added to an existing antiepileptic therapy, it’s recommended to gradually introducing drug. Caution is necessary with patients with impaired liver and kidney, elderly patients and children. Carbamazepine is not effective in the treatment petit mal seizures and myoclonic convulsions. Prophylaxis of manic-depressive states: when lithium is not effective therapy, carbamazepine can be successfully used, alone or in combination with other drugs (for example lithium), acute and during remission.
Generic Tegretol Side Effects
Allergic sensitization to carbamazepine, acute intermittent porphyria, bone marrow depression, agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia thrombocytopenia and leukopenia toxic signs and dermatological and liver disorders. Also, fever, dry throat, rash, ulcers in the mouth, bruising, bleeding. Pregnant women with epilepsy should be treated with caution, carbamazepine is recommended for use as single therapy, because the high incidence of congenital anomalies in the combination of antiepileptic drugs. Given the teratogen potential of other antiepileptic drugs, It is often said that carbamazepine is the drug of choice in pregnancy. The deficit of folic acid can occur in pregnancy, and antiepileptic drugs can increase the deficit of folic acid. It is recommended for adequate remuneration of folic acid during pregnancy.
Carbamazepine can effect on psycho-physical ability, especially at the beginning of therapy (dizziness, headache, ataxia, drowsiness, fatigue, and diplopia).
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